What type of cells are primarily involved in nerve signaling within the nervous system?

Neurons are the primary cells involved in nerve signaling within the nervous system. They are specialized cells that have the unique ability to generate and transmit electrical impulses, which are essential for communication between different parts of the body. Neurons consist of three main components: the cell body, dendrites, and an axon. The cell body contains the nucleus and organelles necessary for the neuron's metabolic activity, while dendrites receive signals from other neurons. The axon conducts impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands.

Neurons are fundamental to processes such as reflexes, sensory perception, and higher cognitive functions, making them the key players in the functioning of the nervous system. Their intricate connections form networks that facilitate information processing and support the body's response to internal and external stimuli. This unique property distinguishes them from other cell types, which do not have the same capacity for electrical signaling.