What is a common complication from cervical injuries affecting respiratory function?

Cervical injuries, particularly those that involve higher levels of the cervical spine (C1 to C3), can lead to significant impacts on respiratory function. The nerves that innervate the diaphragm and intercostal muscles originate from the cervical spine, primarily through the phrenic nerve (C3-C5). When these areas are damaged, the ability to breathe effectively can be compromised.

Injuries to this region can result in diaphragm paralysis, which directly affects the patient's ability to ventilate. This is a critical complication as it can lead to respiratory failure, necessitating immediate medical interventions such as ventilation support. Patients may also experience decreased respiratory muscle function, leading to shallow breathing or the inability to clear secretions, further exacerbating respiratory distress.

The other options presented do not directly relate to the immediate respiratory complications that arise from cervical spine injuries. Cardiac arrest is a separate condition that may occur due to various factors but is not specifically a direct consequence of cervical injury. Diarrhea is generally unrelated. Muscle spasms can occur due to various spinal injuries but do not specifically address the respiratory functions associated with cervical injuries.