In cases of SCI, what abnormal response can lead to severe complications such as severe hypertension?

In cases of spinal cord injury (SCI), autonomic dysreflexia is a critical condition that can lead to severe hypertension and other complications. This phenomenon occurs when there is an abnormal overreaction of the autonomic nervous system to stimuli below the level of the injury. Common triggers include bladder distention, bowel impaction, or skin irritations.

In individuals with high-level spinal cord injuries, particularly those above T6, the body is unable to properly regulate blood pressure responding to these stimuli due to disrupted neural pathways. As a result, there can be an uncontrolled increase in blood pressure, often leading to dangerously high levels that pose significant risks, including stroke or other cardiovascular events.

Understanding autonomic dysreflexia is vital for emergency responders, as prompt recognition and management are essential to prevent severe complications. Monitoring for signs such as headache, flushing, and elevated blood pressure is crucial in this scenario, allowing for timely interventions.